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Dr. James Douglas Early Life and Career of Dr. James Douglas In the annals of American mining history, Dr. James Douglas stands as a towering figure, often referred to as the "Father of Bisbee, Arizona." His impact on this small mining town in the late 19th and early 20th centuries transformed it into a significant hub in the copper mining industry. Born in Quebec, Canada, Dr. Douglas was a man of considerable intellect and ambition, holding a Ph.D. in science with a specialization in geology and metallurgy. His journey to Bisbee was marked by successes in various mining ventures across North America. His expertise lay not just in the extraction of minerals, but also in refining mining processes to maximize efficiency and output. Transformation of Bisbee Dr. Douglas arrived in Bisbee when it was still a nascent mining camp, brimming with untapped potential in its rich copper deposits. The town, with its rugged terrain and primitive mining practices, was ripe for transformation. Douglas’s vision and scientific acumen were instrumental in ushering in this change. One of Dr. Douglas's first significant contributions to Bisbee was the introduction of advanced smelting techniques. He revolutionized the way copper was extracted from ore, greatly enhancing the productivity and profitability of mining operations. But his vision for Bisbee extended far beyond the mines themselves. The Negotiator and the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company Dr. Douglas’s role as the "Father of Bisbee" was cemented by his extraordinary skills as a negotiator. He was pivotal in the consolidation of numerous small, disputing mining companies in the area. Through his strategic negotiations, he was able to amalgamate these entities into the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company, of which he became the leader. This consolidation not only brought stability to the mining sector in Bisbee but also positioned the Copper Queen as one of the most significant copper mines in Arizona. Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company Office Buidling Under his stewardship, the Copper Queen Mine implemented cutting-edge mining techniques and stringent safety measures, setting new industry standards. His leadership in this area was a testament to his commitment to both progress and the welfare of his workers. Community Development and Challenges Beyond the realms of mining and business, Dr. Douglas’s influence extended to the very fabric of Bisbee itself. He was a driving force in the development of the town's infrastructure, advocating for and overseeing the construction of roads, railways, and public buildings. This development was crucial in integrating Bisbee with the rest of Arizona and the broader United States. Dr. Douglas also recognized the importance of community and the well-being of miners and their families. He championed better living conditions and facilities, fostering a sense of stability and community among the residents of Bisbee. However, his tenure was not without its challenges. The early 20th century was a time of significant labor unrest in the mining industry, and Bisbee was no exception. As the leader of the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company, Dr. Douglas found himself at the center of these tensions, navigating the complex dynamics between the demands of the workers and the interests of the mining companies. Legacy of Dr. James Douglas In summary, Dr. James Douglas's legacy in Bisbee, Arizona, is profound and multifaceted. As the "Father of Bisbee," he was a visionary leader, a skilled negotiator, and a driving force behind the town's transformation from a remote mining camp to a pivotal center in the American copper mining industry. His contributions to mining technology, community development, and labor relations have left an indelible mark on Bisbee, encapsulating both the achievements and challenges of the era in which he lived.

UNIQUELY SOUTHWESTERN: THE GAMBEL'S QUAIL IN SE ARIZONA AND BISBEE GAMBEL'S QUAIL Understanding the Gambel's Quail The Gambel's Quail, a symbol of the American Southwest, particularly thrives in Southeastern Arizona and the charming town of Bisbee. This bird is a member of the New World quail family, scientifically known as Callipepla gambelii . Characterized by its plump body and short, rounded wings, the Gambel's Quail is adept at navigating the arid landscapes and scrubby terrains of this region. Distinctive Features and Behaviors One of the most striking features of the Gambel's Quail is the black top-knot that droops forward from the top of its head, resembling a comma. Males are particularly notable with their rich gray and brown plumage, accented by a black face framed with white stripes. Females, though more subdued in color, share the same elegant top-knot. These quails are ground dwellers, preferring to run rather than fly when threatened. Their short, rapid bursts of flight are usually seen as a last resort. They are social birds, often found in small groups, or "coveys," particularly in the cooler months. Habitat and Adaptation in SE Arizona and Bisbee The Gambel's Quail is well-adapted to the desert environment of Southeastern Arizona. They are commonly found in brushy areas, along watercourses, and even in suburban fringes where shrubbery and cover are plentiful. In Bisbee, a town known for its picturesque landscapes and historic charm, these quails add to the local fauna, bringing a touch of wild beauty to the area. Their diet primarily consists of seeds, leaves, and occasional insects, making them well-suited to the desert's sparse offerings. The ability to extract moisture from their food and utilize small water sources allows them to thrive even in arid conditions. Conservation and Importance While currently not endangered, the Gambel's Quail faces challenges due to habitat loss and environmental changes. Conservation efforts in Arizona, including in areas like Bisbee, focus on maintaining natural habitats and promoting awareness of the species. The Gambel's Quail not only contributes to the biodiversity of the region but also holds a special place in the cultural and natural heritage of the American Southwest. In summary, the Gambel's Quail of Southeastern Arizona and Bisbee is a remarkable bird, embodying the resilience and beauty of the desert. Its distinctive appearance, social behavior, and adaptation to the arid environment make it a fascinating subject of study and an integral part of the region's ecosystem.

THE GUARDIAN OF THE DESERT: CENTURY PLANT UNVEILED CENTURY PLANT Introduction to the Century Plant The Century Plant, known scientifically as Agave americana, stands as a stoic emblem in the arid landscapes of Southeast Arizona and Bisbee. Despite its common name, this plant typically lives between 10 to 30 years, a far cry from a century. It’s a marvel of resilience and adaptation, thriving in the challenging conditions of the desert. Physical Characteristics A GIANT AMONG DWARFS Dominating its surroundings, the Century Plant boasts an impressive rosette of thick, fleshy leaves that can grow up to six feet long. These leaves are a blue-green hue, edged with sharp spines, and culminate in a formidable point. Their robust structure and waxy coating are perfect adaptations to the desert's harsh environment, minimizing water loss and deterring herbivores. Blooming: A Spectacular Finale THE SWAN SONG OF BLOOMS In the final phase of its life, the Century Plant performs a dramatic swan song. It shoots up a towering flower stalk, sometimes reaching up to 15 feet or more. This stalk is laden with clusters of yellow flowers, attracting a variety of pollinators. This magnificent display is a once-in-a-lifetime event for the plant, occurring only at the end of its life cycle. Ecological Impact A DESERT OASIS CREATOR The Century Plant plays a crucial role in its ecosystem. It provides nectar and pollen for bees, bats, and birds, and its leaves offer shelter for small animals. Even after death, its decaying leaves enrich the soil, nurturing the arid earth of Southeast Arizona and Bisbee. Cultural Significance A SYMBOL OF RESILIENCE AND BEAUTY In the culture of the Southwest, the Century Plant is revered as a symbol of endurance, resilience, and beauty. It’s an icon in local art, folklore, and even in the distilled spirit world, with its sap used in making agave nectar and spirits like tequila and mezcal. Giant Century Plant

When setting out to discover Bisbee, be sure to immerse yourself in the captivating southwestern charm and old-west history that permeates the iconic Copper Queen Hotel. Copper Queen Hotel This boutique hotel, situated in the pulsating heart of Downtown Bisbee, stands as a vivid tribute to the city's mining heritage. Flaunting elegant decor and deluxe amenities, the hotel embodies Bisbee architecture at its finest and has secured its place as a tourist favorite. Who could resist the intriguing opportunity to partake in ghost tours and delve into the haunted history that underlies this renowned establishment? The Copper Queen Hotel isn't just a symbol among Bisbee Historic Sites, it's a living, breathing entity, resonating with tales from a time long gone. Considered one of the oldest hotels in Arizona that is still in operation, the Copper Queen Hotel transcends being a mere place to stay—it's an experience. Marvel at the grand pianos, and the dazzling Tiffany chandeliers, and indulge in a taste of old-world hospitality. As an iconic lodging spot in the region, this hotel exemplifies the essence of historic Arizona buildings. When in Bisbee, AZ, adding the Copper Queen Hotel to your itinerary is a given. It's not just the allure of the architecture that will captivate you, but also the storied rooms bearing names of legendary figures. From the Harry Houdini Room to the Teddy Roosevelt Room and John Wayne Room, each guestroom is a tangible reminder of the extraordinary figures that have graced this hotel with their presence. After a day spent exploring Bisbee landmarks, the Copper Queen Bar provides a welcoming space to unwind. This was John Wayne's favored hangout, and its walls echo the explosive bar fight between Wayne and Lee Marvin. It's not just an ordinary bar, it's a place where you can literally drink in history. In essence, the Copper Queen Hotel is a must-visit monument on any journey to Bisbee, AZ. With its haunted past, rich history, prime location, and architectural grandeur, this historic hotel promises an unforgettable journey. Whether you explore its historic past through Big Jeep Tours or simply bask in its enduring charm, the Copper Queen Hotel is sure to make your Bisbee adventure truly memorable.

One historic stop on the Copper Territory Tour is Fort Naco. Fort Naco Fort Naco is located in Naco, Arizona, and sits about 200 yards north of the border wall. Fort Naco is also called "Camp Naco" and "Fort Lewell". Soldiers were first stationed in Naco in November 1910 and remained in the community due to continued fighting across the border, including the Battle of Naco in 1913 and the later Siege of Naco in 1915 in Sonora." The Battle of Naco was depicted in movies of the day. The Mexican Revolutionary War was in full swing and Pancho Villa , who led the rebel's fight against the Mexican government, spent a lot of time in Naco, Sonora, which is just across the border from Fort Naco. There are a number of barracks and officers' quarters still standing from Fort Naco. Fort Naco Officers Quarters Many Bisbee locals claim to be direct descendants of Pancho Villa. The American government and Bisbee locals suspected Pancho Villa and his rebels were being assisted by the German government. Germany said they would give the "Gadsen Purchase" back to the rebels when they won the war. Fort Naco was there to keep the war from spilling into America. The troop strength varied from 50 to 5000 soldiers. When the threat of the Mexican Revolution was over, the camp was closed in 1923. In 1935 it was reoccupied by the Civilian Conservation Corps who stayed until 1937. Fort Naco was occupied by Buffalo Soldiers, sent from Fort Huachuca. Soldiers from Fort Naco were involved in the Bisbee Riot. The Bisbee Riot happened because a discriminatory police officer tried to disarm the Buffalo Soldiers in the red light district. The Bisbee Riot , or the Battle of Brewery Gulch , occurred on July 3, 1919, between the black Buffalo Soldiers of the 10th Cavalry and members of local police forces in Bisbee, Arizona. Following a confrontation between a military policeman and some of the Buffalo Soldiers, the situation escalated into a street battle in Bisbee's historic Brewery Gulch. At least eight people were seriously injured, and fifty soldiers were arrested. This incident was unusual for being between police and military. Most other riots during the Red Summer of 1919 involved wide-scale white rioting against blacks, both sides civilians.

Lavender Pit Bisbee, Arizona is home to a significant historical landmark, the Lavender Pit. Located along State Route 80, the pit is visible from the road and is one of the stops on the Big Jeep Tours . The geographical sequence of the area consists of Bucky O'Neil Hill, Holbrook Extension, Sacramento Pit, and the Lavender Pit. ​ The Lavender Pit is an open-pit copper mine that was once home to rich underground copper mines with high-grade copper ore. However, by 1950, the high-grade copper was depleted, and the mine was left with low-grade copper ore, which made mining unprofitable. The low-grade copper ore in Bisbee had only 2% copper, which was not enough to sustain mining operations.​ ​ The mine was brought back to life thanks to Carl Trischka, the chief engineer for Phelps Dodge Corporation in Bisbee, Arizona, and Harrison Lavender, the Vice President of Phelps Dodge Mining Corporation. The two developed a mining method that made the Bisbee East Ore Body profitable. The mining operations required the removal of entire communities such as Jiggerville, Johnson Addition, Mason Addition, and Upper Lowell. These communities were relocated within the city limits to new locations called Saginaw, Bakerville, and the east part of Galena.​ ​ The mining operations also gave birth to Galena, which was built in 1942 by Phelps Dodge as housing for the miners and soldiers. One street in Galena is lined with the Mason Addition houses and is named Mason Addition Road in honor of the old community. It is the only road in Galena that is not named after a former mine.​ ​ Open-pit mining in Bisbee, Arizona started in 1951 with the removal of the overburden of the East Ore Body. Notable underground mines that were removed by the open pits include the Lowell Mine, the Hoatson Mine, the Oliver Mine, the Sacramento Mine, the Gardner Mine, the Irish Mag Mine, the Spray Mine, the Holbrook Mines, and the Czar Mine. The tailings on the edge of the open pits are from the rich underground mines that populated the valley and would be a treasure if rock hounds could get to them.​ ​ The Lavender Pit is now a tourist attraction and a significant stop on the Big Jeep Tours. The parking lot along the pit was initially used by locals to watch the dynamite explosions at 3:15 pm during mining operations. Tourists can now stop by to view the pit and learn about the mining history, Lavender Pit overlook, Lavender Pit geology, Lavender Pit mining operations, Lavender Pit copper mining, and the Bisbee mining district of the area.​ ​ Dump 7 is a complex part of the area. The east side of the tailings is the purple overburden that holds Bisbee Blue Turquoise. The west side of the tailing is the waste dirt from deeper in the open pits and still holds some copper ore or malachite. The top of Dump 7 has more than 50 leaching ponds on its top surface, and the local mining company harvests 0.05% copper, generating approximately $1,000,000 annually.​ ​ In conclusion, the Lavender Pit is a historical landmark that tells the story of the rich copper mining history of Bisbee, Arizona. The attraction is now a popular tourist stop on the Big Jeep Tours, where visitors can learn about the mining history, Lavender Pit history, Lavender Pit overlook, Lavender Pit geology, Lavender Pit mining operations, Lavender Pit copper mining, and view the open-pit mine.

Anna's Hummingbird As an integral part of the wildlife scene in Bisbee, Arizona, Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna) is a magnificent species that adds a touch of vividness and an element of nature's wonder to Big Jeep Tours . This species of hummingbird, which is found year-round in Bisbee, is a fascinating sight for both residents and visitors. ​ The Anna's Hummingbird, named after Anna Masséna, Duchess of Rivoli, is a medium-sized hummingbird native to the west coast of North America. Known for its vibrant, iridescent emerald feathers and rose-pink throat, this hummingbird is sure to captivate you with its stunning appearance. They measure about 3.9 to 4.3 inches in length and weigh around 0.1 to 0.2 ounces. ​ One of the most unique features of this bird is its adaptability. Unlike other hummingbirds that migrate, Anna's Hummingbird stays in Bisbee all year round, providing a rare opportunity for bird-watchers and nature lovers to observe them in all seasons. This makes them a significant attraction in our tour itinerary. ​ During our bisbee tours, visitors have the opportunity to witness the Anna's Hummingbird in its natural habitat. It's a truly special sight to see these tiny creatures flitting about, feeding on flower nectar, and performing aerial dogfights or impressive courtship displays. Male Anna's Hummingbirds are particularly known for their audacious courtship rituals, which involve climbing up to 130 feet into the air and diving down at incredible speeds to impress potential mates. ​ With the help of our knowledgeable tour guides, you'll learn interesting facts about these birds, such as their ability to enter torpor (a state similar to hibernation) to conserve energy when food is scarce. Also, they have the ability to hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings 12–80 times per second. ​ As part of our commitment to the preservation of local fauna, Big Jeep Tours also educates visitors about the importance of responsible wildlife viewing. We promote practices such as not disturbing the hummingbirds and their habitats, thus ensuring these beautiful creatures continue to thrive in the region for future generations to enjoy. ​ Whether you're a bird enthusiast or just someone who loves being around nature, the presence of the Anna's Hummingbird in Bisbee, Arizona, offers an unparalleled experience that you will cherish forever. With the Anna's Hummingbird as one of the highlights, the Big Jeep Tours provide an unforgettable journey into the heart of Arizona's stunning landscapes and biodiversity.

Ettore DeGrazia (Ted) One of the key attractions to explore during the Big Jeep Tours in Bisbee, Arizona, is the life and legacy of the world-renowned artist, Ettore "Ted" DeGrazia. A remarkable figure who had left an indelible mark not only on Arizona but the art world as a whole, DeGrazia's story is deeply intertwined with the region's history and culture. ​ Born in 1909, DeGrazia showed an early interest in art, a passion that would guide him throughout his life. He found his muse in the landscape and the people of the Southwestern United States, developing an expressive, colorful style that captivated viewers around the globe. ​ DeGrazia's life in Bisbee was highly influential to his career, and it is here where you'll learn about his connection to the Lyric Theater. Married to the daughter of the theater's owner, he managed the Lyric Theater for a decade as a young man. This experience enriched his understanding of culture, storytelling, and expression - elements that would later become cornerstones of his artistic style. ​ Although Bisbee is a significant part of DeGrazia's story, your journey into his life will also take you beyond the city limits. Approximately a two-hour drive from Bisbee, you will find the DeGrazia Gallery in the Sun in Tucson. This enchanting museum, nestled amid the stunning Sonoran desert, is an essential stop on any art lover's journey. ​ Founded by DeGrazia himself in 1951, the gallery showcases a broad range of his works - from oil paintings to ceramics, sculptures to lithographs. Here, you'll witness firsthand how DeGrazia channeled the spirit and traditions of the Southwest into his distinctive art, earning worldwide fame and recognition. ​ Learning about these sites on the Big Jeep Tours, you will gain a deeper understanding of Ettore DeGrazia's life, his inspirations, and his enduring impact on Arizona's cultural heritage. Your journey into DeGrazia's world is bound to be as colorful and captivating as his art.

Juniper Flats Juniper Flats is a highly sought-after attraction in Bisbee, Arizona. The 4.75-mile round-trip off-road drive starts at the top of the Mule Pass Tunnel and goes up to the microwave communication tower and granite cliffs, at an elevation of 7005 ft. The area is known for its coatimundi population, a tough and strong omnivore that can be difficult to kill. Coatimundi feed on a range of prey including ground litter, fruit, desert tarantulas, lizards, rodents, and bird eggs. They have predators such as pumas, foxes, ocelots, black bears, rattlesnakes, bobcats, and large raptors like hawks, falcons, and owls. The temperature at Juniper Flats is about 10 degrees cooler than downtown Bisbee, Arizona, and parts of the road facing the northern hemisphere retain ground snow until the start of May every summer. ​ The area is also home to the century plant, which is a type of Agave plant that only lives between 10 - 30 years. At the end of its life cycle, the plant sends up a tall brown stem that blooms with yellow flowers before dying. The century plant's fibers are used to make nets, ropes, bags, sacks, clothing, and embroider leather in a technique called piteado. From the top of Juniper Flats, the mountaintop visibility across southern Cochise County, Arizona, and multiple Mexican mountain ranges may be several hundred miles away. ​ The microwave transmission towers on top of the Juniper Flats granite cliffs provides a vantage point to view the cities of Agua Prieta in Sonora, Mexico, and Douglas in Arizona, as well as the Bisbee mines, Dump 7, and Phelps Dodge leaching copper ponds on top of Dump #7. ​ Green Mohave rattlesnakes are a common resident of Juniper Flats. The green Mohave rattlesnake has the most potent venom called neurotoxic-hemotoxic venom that attacks the nervous system/brain and skin/tissue. Although they rarely exceed three feet in length, they are gray/olive in color with less defined black and white tails. The Mojave green rattlesnakes prefer to hang out under mesquite trees, Pinon Pine bushes, the Manzanita plant, or on the pink granite rock to warm up. ​ Juniper Flats is a great attraction for off-road enthusiasts and nature lovers who want to explore the rugged terrain and wildlife of the area. It is also an excellent spot for those interested in historical sites, with views of Mexico and the Bisbee mines.

Ben Williams Big Jeep Tours invites you to delve into the fascinating history of Bisbee mining, one of Arizona's most prosperous mines, and its visionary leader, Ben Williams. If you're seeking activities in Bisbee or guided experiences in the area, join us for a thrilling journey to uncover the history of Bisbee and the renowned Copper Queen Mine. ​ Ben Williams, born in Wales in 1852, immigrated to the United States and settled in San Francisco, where he worked for Bisbee, Williams, & Company. Williams' initial position in Arizona was as Superintendent of the San Xavier Mine near Tucson, and he later ventured to Charleston, Arizona, prospecting in the Huachuca Mountains. ​ In 1880, Bisbee, Williams & Company was appointed to manage the nearby Copper Queen Mine, with Williams and his brother Lewis rapidly applying their technical expertise and procedural skills to develop the mine and construct a small smelter to process the copper from the raw ore. Their efforts paid off, and the Copper Queen Mine swiftly became one of Arizona's most successful mines, yielding over 700 tons of copper in 1880 alone. ​ By 1884, the Copper Queen Mine merged with the Atlanta Claim, forming the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company and appointing Williams as general manager. A visionary leader, Williams recognized the mine and surrounding area's potential and consistently sought ways to advance and develop the region. ​ One of Williams' most notable achievements was the development of the Caverns situated 350 feet below the Copper Queen Mine's surface. Although now replaced by the Holbrook Extension Pit, the Caverns were once among Arizona's top attractions, thanks to Williams' ambition to showcase the grandeur of the Caverns to visitors worldwide. ​ Under Williams' guidance, Bisbee transformed from a small mining town into a thriving community dubbed the "Queen of the Copper Camps." If you're planning a day trip to Bisbee or exploring Arizona tours, our tours should be a priority. Join us on our tours to uncover the enthralling history of this town and the Copper Queen Mine. ​ Williams retired in 1899 and passed away in 1925, but his legacy endures. He will always be remembered as an essential Arizona pioneer and the driving force behind the Copper Queen Mine. Our local Bisbee-born tour guide will lead you on an exhilarating adventure through southeastern Arizona's rugged terrain to learn about the area's rich history, geology, and breathtaking views. ​ Whether you're a history enthusiast or seeking an exciting adventure, Big Jeep Tours caters to all interests. Don't miss this exclusive opportunity to explore Bisbee's mining heritage, Western pioneers, and the lasting impact of Ben Williams!

Bisbee 1000 The Great Stair Climb Seeking a one-of-a-kind and demanding way to discover a historic town? The Bisbee 1000 Great Stair Climb is your answer, an annual fitness event drawing adventure tourists globally. Set against the picturesque backdrop of Old Bisbee, the climb encompasses a 4.5-mile course with nine distinct staircases, totaling over 1000 steps and an elevation gain and loss of roughly 1175 feet. This great stair climb is an unmissable attraction for visitors. ​ The staircases themselves speak to the town's rich past as a former copper mining community. Constructed to connect different sections of the town, they offer a singular way to explore the local version of outsider art. With street and stair art installations dotting the town, climbers will find themselves immersed in the area's vibrant culture. ​ The Great Stair Climb is more than just a physical and cultural challenge. It's an opportunity to delve into adventure tourism, push oneself to the limit, and connect with a community of like-minded individuals. Whether you're a fitness enthusiast or merely searching for an entertaining way to explore, the Bisbee 1000 Great Stair Climb is an experience not to be missed. So, tie your running shoes or grab your walking stick, and prepare to ascend the staircases of this historic town.

Bisbee Deportation Step back in time and immerse yourself in the dramatic and captivating history of the Bisbee Deportation on this exclusive guided tour by Big Jeep Tours . Our expert tour guide will lead you through the historical events and stories that unfolded in Bisbee, Arizona, over a century ago. Learn about the gripping tales of the townsfolk, miners, and law enforcement officers who found themselves entangled in a labor dispute that escalated into one of the most infamous episodes in American history. ​ Tour Highlights: ​ 1. Sheriff Wheeler's Machine Gun Ride: Relive the suspenseful moment when Sheriff Wheeler, determined to protect Bisbee from an alleged miner uprising, drove around the town with a machine gun mounted on his vehicle. Listen to our knowledgeable guide as he unravels the details of this daring action, and learn about the impact this show of force had on the local community and the unfolding events. ​ 2. The Striking Miners: Discover the miners' side of the story, as you hear about their reasons for going on strike, their demands for better working conditions, and the tactics they used to resist the mining companies' iron grip on the town. Learn about the Industrial Workers of the World (#IWW), the radical labor union that supported the striking miners, and their role in the eventual deportation. ​ 3. The Bisbee Deportation: Delve into the harrowing details of the Bisbee Deportation, which occurred on July 12, 1917. Over 1,000 striking miners and their supporters were rounded up by a posse of over 2,000 armed citizens, forcibly loaded onto cattle cars, and transported to the New Mexico desert. Our tour guide will explain the events that led to this shocking incident and its aftermath, including the legal battles and public outcry that followed. ​ 4. The Unsuspecting Buffalo Soldiers: Visit the nearby town of Naco, where the Buffalo Soldiers, a regiment of African American troops, were stationed during the deportation. Learn about how they were left unaware of the events transpiring in Bisbee, despite being just a few miles away, and how their presence influenced the actions of the mining companies and Sheriff Wheeler. ​ 5. The Legacy of the Deportation: As the tour concludes, reflect on the lasting effects of the Bisbee Deportation on labor relations, civil liberties, and the town itself. Our guide will provide insightful commentary on how this event reshaped Bisbee's history and influenced future labor disputes across the United States. ​ Join Big Jeep Tours on this captivating journey through time, and uncover the stories of the Bisbee Deportation that have been hidden for over a century. Book your tour now and experience the intrigue and drama of this significant event in American history. ​